Вот определение по Вики

A clear distinction is made between the Ultimate State (US) and the Ultimate Limit State (ULS). The US is a physical situation that involves either excessive deformations leading and approaching collapse of the component under consideration or the structure as a whole, as relevant, or deformations exceeding pre agreed values. It involves of course considerable inelastic (plastic) behavior of the structural scheme and residual deformations. While the ULS is not a physical situation but rather an agreed computational condition that must be fulfilled, among other additional criteria, in order to comply with the engineering demands for strength and stability under design loads. The ULS condition is computationally checked at a certain point along the behavior function of the structural scheme, located at the upper part of its elastic zone at approximately 15% lower than the elastic limit. That means that the ULS is a purely elastic condition, located on the behavior function far below the real Ultimate point, which is located deeply within the plastic zone. The rationale for choosing the ULS at the upper part of the elastic zone is that as long as the ULS design criteria is fulfilled, the structure will behave in the same way under repetitive loadings, and as long as it keeps this way, it proves that the level of safety and reliability assumed as the basis for this design is properly maintained and justified, (following the probabilistic safety approach). A structure is deemed to satisfy the ultimate limit state criterion if all factored bending, shear and tensile or compressive stresses are below the factored resistances calculated for the section under consideration. The factored stresses referred to are found by applying Magnification Factors to the loads on the section. Reduction Factors are applied to determine the various factored resistances of the section.

Исходя из него ULS - предельн(о допустим)ая расчётная нагрузка(состояние). Отсюда же можно сказать, что часть переводов в МТ для ULS больше подходят для US.

Хотелось бы понять, на основании какой информации даны переводы в МТ, или я чего-то недопонимаю? Также приветствуются ссылки на полные тексты стандартов, где даётся определение ULS.

Теперь яснее, но непонятна смысловая разница определений.