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Subject: formularity hist. И еще, не подскажите знаиение данного слово. Ибо встречается на протяжении всей статьи, а перевода нет, увы. Заранее спасибо)Контекст: Furthermore, without the whole of the Greek tradition before us, our ability to measure formularity in any one composition is limited. |
| о каком композишне речь вообще? дайте какой-нибудь параграф или расскажите, о чем статья. |
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Это статья из Cambridge companion to Homer. Статья называется гомеровский вопрос, таким образом, статья на историко-филологическую тему. Параграф: In the early, dogmatic days of these researches, scholars tended to believe that there were only two alternatives for a poem, written or oral; Parry enthusiasts claimed Homer for the oral camp, while others seized on imperfections in the South Slavic analogy (and the manifest superiority of Homer) either to ignore Parry or to argue that, whatever lay in Homer’s background, he had left it far behind. Further work on the cognitive aspects of formularity, the mechanics of composition-in-performance, and oral literature worldwide has produced a more sophisticated picture. But certainty remains as elusive as ever. Our understanding of the formula has been much improved, but even if all scholars were to agree on its definition, and by implication on the extent of formularity in Homer, it is not clear how much formularity one needs in order to be oral. Study of oral traditions has shown that they all have their own character, and interact with contemporary literacy in various ways; the notion of a ‘transitional text’, one partly oral and partly written, produced by an ‘oral-derived’ poet, one who can write but who has not lost his ability to compose-in-performance, has much to recommend it. But it would be a mistake to think that the dichotomy oral/written has been transcended. The oral background explains much about the style and puts paid to many of the older analytical theories which, if true, would have a fundamental effect on our assessment of Greek literary history. Textual critics will invoke formulaic technique in making their decisions, and many literary judgments turn on an appreciation of the oral environment. Even within the mixed oral/written framework there are radically different descriptions of the text’s evolution and qualities. So one must at least confront the issues, even if certainty is unattainable on many points. |
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