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| gen. |
philosophers' ships (Philosophers' ships is the collective name for ships which transported intellectuals expelled from Soviet Russia in 1922. The main load was handled by two German ships, the Oberburgermeister Haken and the Preussen, which transported more than 160 expelled Russian intellectuals in September and November 1922 from Petrograd to Stettin in Germany (now in Poland). Three detention lists included 228 people, 32 of them students. In 1923 other intellectuals were transported by train to Riga in Latvia or by ship from Odessa to Constantinople. WK Alexander Demidov) |
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| hist. |
Philosophers' Ship; Philosophy Steamer (Lesley Chamberlain, Lenin's Private War: The Voyage of the Philosophy Steamer and the Exile of the Intelligentsia, St Martin's Press, 2007; ISBN 0-312-36730-9; комментарий предоставил Alexander Demidov igisheva) |
