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| the lower empire | |||
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| Lower Empire; the Eastern Roman Empire | |||
| Byzantine Empire; Eastern Roman Empire The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which maintained itself for a thousand years after the western half broke up in the late 5th century AD. The eastern half survived until 1453 as the Byzantine Empire | |||
| Russian thesaurus | |||
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| см. Византия Большой Энциклопедический словарь | |||