| prof.jarg. |
неопасное топливо (The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has called for sharp reductions in emissions from the ships which shift around 80% of trade around the world, with CO2 emissions to be cut, on average, by at least 40% by 2030 and 70% by 2050 compared to 2008 and total annual greenhouse gas emissions reduced by at least half by 2050.
The transition won't be cheap. Reducing the industry's greenhouse gas emmissions by 50% by 2050 will require an annual average investment of $40-60 billion over the next two decades, or around $1 trillion,m one study conducted by the University of Maritime Advisory Services (UMAS) and the Energy Transitions Commission (ETC) found.
Some developers are looking toward hydrogen as an alternative, with companies such as the luxury travel brand Explora Journeys and Kawasaki Heavy Industries manufacturing hydrogen-powered ships.
Hydrogen, however, is complicated to transport and store while ammonia, which is derived from hydrogen and nitrogen, is increasingly seen as a viable alternative fuel for the world shipping industry.
"There is a very big difference between the two fuels," says Director of Research & Development and Engineering at the Finnish company Wärtsilä Juha Kytölä.
"Ammonia is extremely easy way to carry energy. Unloading and offloading hydrogen is much more challenging because ammonia is a lazy fuel, but hydrogen is a nervous fuel. It has the tendency to ignite for whatever reason."
amorgen) |
