| Russian | English |
| белая пропаганда | white PSYOP (A white PSYOP product is acknowledged as an official statement or act of our government, or emanates from a source associated closely enough with our government to reflect an official viewpoint. The information should be true and factual. It also includes all output identified as coming from our official sources. Alex_Odeychuk) |
| серая пропаганда | gray PSYOP (The source of the gray PSYOP product is deliberately ambiguous. The true source (our government) is not revealed to the target audience. The activity engaged in plausibly appears to emanate from a non-official source, or an indigenous, non-hostile source, or there may be no attribution. Gray information is information whose content is such that the effect will be increased if the hand of our government and in some cases any participation of our nation are not revealed. It is simply a means for our government to present viewpoints which are in the interest of its foreign policy, but which will be acceptable or more acceptable to the intended target audience than an official government statement will be. Alex_Odeychuk) |
| чёрная пропаганда | covert PSYOP (The activity engaged in appears to emanate from a source (government, party, group, organization, person) usually hostile in nature. The interest of our government is concealed and our government would deny responsibility. It is best used in support of strategic plans. Covert PSYOP is not a function of the our military but instead is used in special operations due to their political sensitivity and need for higher level compartmentalization. Further, black PSYOP, to be credible, may need to disclose sensitive material, with the damage caused by information disclosure considered to be outweighed by the impact of successful deception. In order to achieve maximum results and to prevent the compromise of overt PSYOP, overt and covert operations need to be kept separate. Personnel involved in one must not be engaged in the other. Alex_Odeychuk) |
| чёрная пропаганда | black PSYOP (The activity engaged in appears to emanate from a source (government, party, group, organization, person) usually hostile in nature. The interest of our government is concealed and our government would deny responsibility. It is best used in support of strategic plans. Covert PSYOP is not a function of the our military but instead is used in special operations due to their political sensitivity and need for higher level compartmentalization. Further, black PSYOP, to be credible, may need to disclose sensitive material, with the damage caused by information disclosure considered to be outweighed by the impact of successful deception. In order to achieve maximum results and to prevent the compromise of overt PSYOP, overt and covert operations need to be kept separate. Personnel involved in one must not be engaged in the other. Alex_Odeychuk) |
