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Subject: and и or - тонкости пунктуации gen. Почему-то употребление этих слов требует иных знаков пунктуации в английском - какие-то лишние запятые. Просветите, если не сложно.
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| Потому что правила англ. пунктуации иные. |
| Мне тоже кажется очевидным, что правила пунктуации могут быть (и скорее всего будут) разными. |
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1) Идем гуглить 2) Внимательно читаем инфу по ссылкам 3) Запонимаем ее 3) Profit! |
| не запонимается чё-та |
| no profit then |
| Хренова... |
| При неудачной попытке повторить процедуру, начиная с п.1. |
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link 15.07.2014 14:23 |
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в бытностью мою учебы в сша, как щас помню, учитель объяснял, что пунктуация должна быть такой при перечислении: 1) aaaaa and bbbbb. 2) aaaaa, bbbbb, and ccccc. 3) aaaaa or bbbbb. 4) aaaaa, bbbbb, or ccccc. но давно это было... |
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link 15.07.2014 14:26 |
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при перечислении+1, ну и еще если придаточное сначала идет (if..., ...) а больше вроде и не надо |
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Use а comma before the coordinating conjunctions and, or, nor, but, yet, for, so when they connect two main clauses (with separate subjects and predicates). Use а semicolon if the clauses themselves contain commas or are very long. Toluene and hexane were purified by standard procedures, and benzene was redistilled from calcium hydride. The experiment was successful, and the results were analyzed. Use commas both before and after nonrestrictive clauses. Use а comma before while, since, although, because, whereas in а nonrestrictive clause. Use comma(s) to set off an adverbial clause (or long clause) that precedes or interrupts the main clause. Because of the known reactivity of sulfides, it is not surprising that compound 10 is easily converted to the hydroxyl sulfide by water. Our experiments showed that, upon exposure to oxygen, all the compounds became brittle. After an hour of exposure to light, the cells died. Often а sentence can be improved by moving an interrupting adverbial clause to the beginning of the sentence. Рооr The report, after being presented, was put up for consideration. Better After being presented, the report was put up for consideration. Do not use а comma in а sentence with а compound predicate that is not а member of а series. Incorrect The product distribution results were obtained in sodium hydroxide, and are listed in Table 10. Correct The product distribution results were obtained in sodium hydroxide and are listed in Table 10. Also correct The product distribution results were obtained in water, ethanol, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide, and are listed in Table 10. In series containing three or more items, use а comma before and and or. water, sodium hydroxide, and ammonia but water and ammonia The samples were collected, washed with toluene, and dried in а vacuum desiccator. Use commas to set off transitional words and expressions (on the contrary, on the other hand), conjunctive adverbs (consequently, furthermore, thus, however, that is, i.e.), and expressions that introduce an illustration or example (namely, for example, e.g.). Your second question, on the other hand, remains unanswered. He responded as completely as he could; that is, he answered each of the individual questions. He will travel through two countries, namely, France and England. Note: А semicolon, not а comma, should be placed before а conjunctive adverb. I had never been to this place before; furthermore, I knew none of the people present. The exclusion is whereas always preceded by a comma. Use а comma to introduce direct questions or quotations; but if the quotation is used as а subject, object, or predicate nominative, or if it is not being presented as actual dialogue, а comma is not used. Mary said, "I am leaving." "The computer is down" was the reply. To avoid ambiguity, use а comma to indicate the omission of а word or words, and especially а word or words used earlier in the sentence. (Do not use an em dash like in Russian!) However, this construction is difficult to read and should be avoided. If the meaning is clear without а comma, do not use one. Correct Common stocks are preferred by some investors; bonds, by others. Better Some investors prefer common stocks, and others prefer bonds. Never separate а verb from its subject or its object with а single comma. Incorrect The addition of substituted silages to carbon–carbon double bonds, has been studied extensively. Correct The addition of substituted silages to carbon–carbon double bonds has been studied extensively. In names in text, use а comma before and after Jr. and Sr., but not II or III. Martin Luther King, Jr. Goddard III Nicholas II In references, such names are formatted as follows: King, I.V. Jr., … Goddard, W.А. III … Set off etc. with commas when it is used in running text. The trucks deliver tubing, cable, etc., on a weekly basis. Write dates with а comma after the day, but not after the month when the day is not given. Within а sentence, use а comma after the year as well. June 1994 June 15, 1994 Control will revert to us in July 2002. In June 1999, an important event took place. On June 15, 1999, an important event took place. Use commas to set off individual elements in addresses and names of geographical locations or political divisions. Please send all proofs to the author at 743 Market Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri The town of Khanty-Mansiysk, Khanty-Mansi autonomous okrug, Tyumen oblast Generally, do not use а comma to set off symbols, formulas, or variables. However, if the variable is long or the sentence is complex, it may be necessary to set off the variable for clarity. Incorrect Consequently, the radiation with energy, x, was produced at the laser output. Correct Consequently, the radiation with energy x was produced at the laser output. Also correct The Gibbs free energy of formation of silicon dioxide under these conditions, ΔGf Commas usually set off the word, clause, or clause that is in apposition to а noun. Mark, our boss, decided against the plan. Do not use а comma to represent а decimal point (Russian translators often make this mistake). |
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https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F Серийная запятая (англ. serial comma), также известная как Oxford comma — оксфордская запятая или Harvard comma — гарвардская запятая — в пунктуации запятая, используемая в английском языке перед союзом (обычно and или or, а также nor), перед последним пунктом в списке из трёх или более элементов. Например, список из трёх стран «Португалия, Испания и Франция» может быть записан как Portugal, Spain, and France (с использованием серийной запятой) или как Portugal, Spain and France (без использования серийной запятой). Именно вот это и вызвало у меня столько вопросов. Ну и язык у англичан( |
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повторяю: 15.07.2014 17:05 |
| А зачем повторять? Я и так посмотрел и все понял. |
| я и предположил, что именно это вызвало у Вас затруднение, в своем первом ответе здесь. |
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