Контекст.

The problem posed by the logical structure of interpretation and its contrastibility is not at all easy, and there are few logicians interested in these themes up to the present.

Sociologists know well that a hypothesis, independently of its truth or falseness, by the fact of being stated, sets in motion a series of processes that can end in their apparent confirmation or their apparent refutation. The old and real example Nagel gives in The Structure of Science (1961) is quite clear. A New York newspaper said that the New York State Bank, a private bank despite its name, was in difficulties, and it would very probably become bankrupt. In the afternoon, fearful clients produced a run of such magnitude that the bank, in effect, went broke. Apparently, the newspaper was right; the hypothesis was corroborated. But one smells a trap in all this, because if the newspaper had not made those statements, the bank might not have gone broke. In this sense, the hypothesis is vitiated because it is auto-predictive; the fact of stating it provokes consequences that finally corroborate it.
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From the methodological point of view, there is certainly a difficulty here—the value of the hypothesis seems incapable of being tested if this situation, of the hypothesis being stated, is produced. This touches interpretation, which almost by definition is a hypothesis that has to be stated, to which the patient is going to react precisely because it has been stated.

This is not an insoluble difficulty in itself, because, returning to the previous sociological example, we would consider that in this situation there was no contrastibility, since this possibility was frustrated by the fact that the hypothesis was stated. However, this does not mean that scientifically nothing is to be done here, because there are laws (the laws of the propagation of rumours, not the economic laws of how banks close) that state what happens when certain rumours circulate. In our example, the sociologist has seen how the law is corroborated that says that a bank can become insolvent through a fearful reaction on the part of the public when there are rumours that it is in difficulties.

"contrastabilidad -
1 Posibilidad de someter algo a prueba experimental.

dicho enunciado puede ser plenamente aceptable en una disciplina científica como la biología por su enorme contrastabilidad con la experiencia"

похоже, это что-то связанное с возможностью проверки путем эксперимента (насколько я смогла понять со словарем))))
если так, то вполне согласуется с фразой из текста:

."..the value of the hypothesis seems incapable of being tested if this situation, of the hypothesis being stated, is produced..."